Sexually transmitted diseases STI
Sexually transmitted diseases or STI / S.T.D. (Sexually Transmitted Infections / Diseases) are transmitted through intimate contact, that is, during vaginal, anal and oral intercourse.
The STI can be “harmless” without many complaints or symptoms such as pain in the abdomen, when urinating, itching, skin changes, vaginal discharge, etc., or it can be life-threatening like AIDS, syphilis or hepatitis C.
The most common transmissible infection is caused by HPV or papillomavirus.
The infections are caused by the following germs
-Chlamydia Trachomatis
-HIV virus (AIDS)
-Hepatitis B virus
-Hepatitis C virus
– Treponema Pallidum: Syphilis
-Herpes type II (in 95% of cases)
-HPV Human Papiloma Virus
-Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
-Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium
-Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum
-Trichomonas vaginalis
PREVENTION
We have the following options for preventing sexually transmitted diseases
– CONDOMS
If used from the start, condoms provide relatively good protection against sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies.
– VACCINATIONS
Various vaccines such as HPV and hepatitis B virus are recommended
HPV vaccination is given to all young people aged 9-14 with 2 doses of Gardasilº or Cervarixº. Almost all people who have had 3 different partners have had contact with the HPV virus in 99% of cases
Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended in the first eleven months of life or between the ages of 9 and 17.
There is no vaccination against the HIV virus. Medication for HIV negative people who have close contact with HIV positive people can reduce the risk of infection.
DIAGNOSIS by
-Visual diagnosis: the doctor can immediately suspect or detect changes in the external genitalia such as herpes.
-Sampling of the affected mucous membrane, vagina for TRichomonas vaginalis and gonorrhoea, cervix for chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma.
-a blood test for hepatitis B and C, HIV and syphilis,
-a urine test
TREATMENT
After the diagnosis, appropriate therapy is of course also necessary for the partner.